Difference between revisions of "Hardware: Frame Assembly"

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(→‎Connect USB/Serial Console cable to Pi)
(→‎Set Overload Limits)
 
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==Fabricate Rails==
 
==Fabricate Rails==
 +
[[File:Chesick2.jpg|thumb|600px|Parts Detail]]
 
===Cut Strut===
 
===Cut Strut===
−
Cut the strut in 20" lengths.  Three can be cut from 5' strut, six can be cut from 10 foot lengths. The rails may be slightly less than 20" after losing the width of the saw kerf.
+
Cut the strut in 20" lengths.  Three can be cut from 5' strut, six can be cut from 10 foot lengths. The rails may be slightly less than 20" after losing the width of the saw kerf.  Two 20" lengths will be needed to build one scale.
  
 
#Mark the strut using a tape measure,  If using a hack saw, transfer the marks around the strut using a layout square.
 
#Mark the strut using a tape measure,  If using a hack saw, transfer the marks around the strut using a layout square.
Line 55: Line 56:
 
===Mount Load Cells===
 
===Mount Load Cells===
 
[[File:Chesick1.jpg|thumb|600px|Exploded parts diagram.]]
 
[[File:Chesick1.jpg|thumb|600px|Exploded parts diagram.]]
−
[[File:Chesick2.jpg|thumb|600px|Parts Detail]]
+
 
  
 
Turn a rail upside down with the open side up. Place a spacer over the holes.   
 
Turn a rail upside down with the open side up. Place a spacer over the holes.   
 
Carefully position the load cell over spacer. Align the holes without shifting the spacer.
 
Carefully position the load cell over spacer. Align the holes without shifting the spacer.
  
−
'''NOTE: The green arrow on the end of the load cell should point down, toward the top of the rail.'''
+
<div style="background-color: yellow; font-weight: bold; font-family:arial;color:#FF0000;font-size:14px;text-align:center;">'''NOTE: The green arrow on the end of the load cell should point in the direction force will cause the load cell to flex.'''</div>
  
 
Place a lock washer and flat washer on a M6x30mm bolt.  While holding the load cell and spacer in place with one hand, start the bolt in one of the holes.  Do the same for the other bolt.  
 
Place a lock washer and flat washer on a M6x30mm bolt.  While holding the load cell and spacer in place with one hand, start the bolt in one of the holes.  Do the same for the other bolt.  
−
Make sure the load cell is centered in the strut and not touching the sides.
+
Make sure the load cell is centered in the strut and not touching the sides. When you tighten the bolts, the end of the load cell will want to shift a little and could end up touching the sides.  You may need to hold the load cell in the center of the strut while you tighten.
 +
 
 
Tighten the bolts.
 
Tighten the bolts.
  
Line 69: Line 71:
  
 
Screw the leveling feet all the way into the load cells.  The leveling foot should go all the way through the load cell, but not touch the strut.
 
Screw the leveling feet all the way into the load cells.  The leveling foot should go all the way through the load cell, but not touch the strut.
 +
 +
<div style="background-color: yellow; font-weight: bold; font-family:arial;color:#FF0000;font-size:14px;text-align:center;">'''NOTE: having the leveling leg too close to the strut may result in errant readings.'''</div>
  
 
===Cut Closure Strips===
 
===Cut Closure Strips===
 
Measure the distance between the leveling feet.   
 
Measure the distance between the leveling feet.   
  
−
Using the hacksaw, cut the closure strip to fit between the leveling feet.  If the strip is cut too long, a rat tailed file or rasp can be use to cut a semicircle in the ends.  The closure strips should not contact the threaded portion of the leveling feet.
+
Using the hacksaw, cut the closure strip to fit between the leveling feet. '''The closure strips should not contact the threaded portion of the leveling feet.''' If the strip is cut too long, a rat tailed file or rasp can be use to cut a semicircle in the ends.
  
 
===Punch End Caps===
 
===Punch End Caps===
−
===Set Overload Limits===
+
[[File:Punch endcap1.jpg|thumb|400px|Punch End Caps]]
 
<br clear=all>
 
<br clear=all>
  
−
==Solder shield and terminal block connectors on HX711 board.==
+
===Set Overload Limits===
−
 
 
−
'''''This is already done on the developer kits,  This step is only necessary if you obtain parts independently.'''''
 
−
 
 
−
[[Solder shield and connectors]] on HX711 board. 
 
−
 
 
−
<br clear=all>
 
−
==Assemble Electronics==
 
−
[[File:Chesick_block_diagram.jpg|thumb|600px|Block Diagram]]
 
−
[[File:HX711_with_terminals_and_Pi.jpg|thumb|600px|HX711 with screw terminals and metal shield installed connected to H5 on the Pi.  H5 is no longer used as it was dropped from the A+ and B+.]]
 
−
 
 
−
The electrical connections are made as shown on the block diagram.
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
===Connect load cells.===
 
−
 
 
−
# Each load cell has five wires:
 
−
*Red (V+)
 
−
*White (A+)
 
−
*Green (A-)
 
−
*Black (Ground)
 
−
*Black (Shield)
 
−
 
 
−
'''Do not cut or extend these wires''' for best performance.  These load cells are a matched set.
 
−
 
 
−
The four load cells are connected in parallel (the four red wires are connected together, the four white wires are connected together, etc.)
 
−
 
 
−
===Connect power and serial I/O cable to HX711 board.===
 
−
 
 
−
===Connect HX711 serial I/O cable to Pi.===
 
−
 
 
−
Pins 2, 16, 18, 20 on P1 (Model A and B)  or J8 (Model A+ and B+)are used:
 
−
 
 
−
Pin 2 +5 Red
 
−
Pin 16 White
 
−
Pin 18 Green
 
−
Pin 20 Ground Black
 
−
 
 
−
{|class="wikitable"
 
−
!P1/J8
 
−
!Pi
 
−
!HX711
 
−
!Color
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 2
 
−
| +5
 
−
| Vcc
 
−
| Red
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 6
 
−
|GPIO28
 
−
|DO/RX
 
−
|White
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 18
 
−
|GPIO30
 
−
|CK/TX
 
−
|Green
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 20
 
−
|Ground
 
−
|GND
 
−
|Black
 
−
|}
 
  
−
===Connect USB/Serial Console cable to Pi===
+
  ******** NO! DO NOT DO THIS! ***********
−
\*If the  Pi will be powered from another source, do not connect the red wire (+5) to Pin 4.  Leave it unconnected.
 
  
−
Pins 4, 6, 8, 10 on P1/J8 are used:
+
[[File:Loadcell overlimit.jpg|thumb|600px|Setting the overload limit.  '''NOTE THE LOAD CELL IS INSTALLED UPSIDE DOWN!  WRONG! THE ARROW SHOULD POINT AWAY FROM THE FOOT.''']]
  
−
{|class="wikitable"
+
<div style="background-color: yellow; font-weight: bold; font-family:arial;color:#FF0000;font-size:14px;text-align:center;">'''NOTE:  This load cell is installed upside down! The green arrow on the end of the load cell should point in the direction force will cause the load cell to flex.'''</div>
−
!P1/J8
 
−
!Pi
 
−
!Color
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 4
 
−
| +5*
 
−
| Red
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 6
 
−
|Ground
 
−
|Black
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 8
 
−
|TxD
 
−
|White`
 
−
|-
 
−
|Pin 10
 
−
|RxD
 
−
|Green
 
  
−
|}
+
Mechanical overlimit protection is not essential, but is a good idea.  Overloading load cells beyond their capacity may damage them.  They are typically rated at 120% to 150% overload capacity. See the Safe Overload rating on the  [[Media:CZL602X.pdf|CZL602X Spec Sheet]]. Dropping a full super on top of the hive or forcing a frame into a super is usually not a problem, the wood will absorb most of the shock. 
  
−
===Connect Hub, WiFi, and TEMPerHUMs===
+
'''If the scale is dropped onto a cement floor and hits on one corner or if not properly packed for shipping the load cells may be damaged.'''
  
−
<br clear=all>
+
Mechanical overlimit protection consists of some method of limiting the travel (bending) when an overload is applied.
−
==Testing==
 
−
If you have not installed the operating system and software on the SD card,
 
−
[[load hivetool on the Pi| load hivetool on the Pi]] now.
 
  
−
===Powering the Pi===
+
#Insert a feeler gauge between the load cell and the top of the mounting rail.
 +
#Adjust the leveling foot until it contacts the feeler gauge.
 +
#Tighten the lock nut so the leveling foot cannot move.
  
−
There are several ways the Pi, scale. and other sensors can be powered:
 
−
#With a Type B USB to Micro USB cable pluged into the power connector on the Pi.
 
−
##This is the preferred method as the pico fuse on the Pi board is used.
 
−
##The other end of the Micro USB cable can be plugged into a USB power supply like a cell phone charger, a powered USB hub, or a USB port on a computer.
 
−
#Through the USB console cable
 
−
##This is convient for testing but the pico fuse is bypassed.
 
−
#Backfeed through the Pi's USB  port with a special USB Type B to Type B cable.
 
−
##The pico fuse is bypassed.
 
−
##The USB Type B to Type B cable is dangerous to have around.  Do not use it to connect two powered devices, such as two laptops, together.
 
  
−
  Note:  It is important to only use one power source at a time. 
+
If the gap is set too narrow, the scale will not correctly record increases in weight.
−
  For example, do not power the Pi through the Micro USB power connector
 
−
  and through the USB console cable. The two power supplies may fight
 
−
  each other and burn up!
 
  
−
<br clear=all>
+
The size of the gap can be measured by attaching a dial gauge to the scale and loading it to capacity.
  
−
==Mount in Enclosure==
+
For the CZL602X load cells, the proper gap appears to be about .002 inches.
−
Several [[enclosures]] can be used.
 
−
[[File:XP004 enclosure.jpg|thumb|600px|]]
 

Latest revision as of 10:54, 3 March 2020

Finished rails (load cell mounts). Two go under the hive, one on each side.
End view of rail with end cap and closure strip removed.

Goals, Features, and Flaws

For design goals, features and flaws, see the Frameless Scale Design

Parts List

Part numbers, suppliers and prices are on the Parts List.

Tools

  1. Tape Measure
  2. Pencil
  3. Layout or speed square
  4. Hacksaw
  5. Drill
  6. 1/4" drill bit
  7. Center Punch
  8. File
  9. 10 mm wrench
  10. 13 mm open end wrench
  11. 7/16" hollow punch
  12. Feeler Gauge
  13. Small straight blade jewelers screwdriver.

Optional tools:

  1. Metal cutting band saw or cut off saw
  2. Drill press
  3. Stationary disk sander


Fabricate Rails

Parts Detail

Cut Strut

Cut the strut in 20" lengths. Three can be cut from 5' strut, six can be cut from 10 foot lengths. The rails may be slightly less than 20" after losing the width of the saw kerf. Two 20" lengths will be needed to build one scale.

  1. Mark the strut using a tape measure, If using a hack saw, transfer the marks around the strut using a layout square.
  2. Carefully cut the strut on the lines, trying to keep as straight and square as possible.

Transfer Layout

Method 1:

  1. Place a load cell on the top of the rail. It should be about 4 mm (1/4") from the end. NOTE: If it is more than 4 mm from the end you will not be able to tighten the lock nut on the foot and the end cap will not cover the closure strip.
  2. Using a transfer punch, mark the two 8 mm mounting holes.
  3. Repeat on the other end.
  4. Check the punch marks to make sure they are in a straight line.
  5. Punch the marks deeper using the center punch.

Drill and Debur

Drill the four 1/4 holes in each rail to mount the load cells. Use a file, deburring tool, or stationary disk sander to clean up the ends. They will be covered by the End Caps so they don't have to be perfect. Use a file or deburring tool to debur the holes.


Assemble Rails

Mount Load Cells

Exploded parts diagram.


Turn a rail upside down with the open side up. Place a spacer over the holes. Carefully position the load cell over spacer. Align the holes without shifting the spacer.

NOTE: The green arrow on the end of the load cell should point in the direction force will cause the load cell to flex.

Place a lock washer and flat washer on a M6x30mm bolt. While holding the load cell and spacer in place with one hand, start the bolt in one of the holes. Do the same for the other bolt. Make sure the load cell is centered in the strut and not touching the sides. When you tighten the bolts, the end of the load cell will want to shift a little and could end up touching the sides. You may need to hold the load cell in the center of the strut while you tighten.

Tighten the bolts.

Thread an 8 mm hex nut on each leveling foot.

Screw the leveling feet all the way into the load cells. The leveling foot should go all the way through the load cell, but not touch the strut.

NOTE: having the leveling leg too close to the strut may result in errant readings.

Cut Closure Strips

Measure the distance between the leveling feet.

Using the hacksaw, cut the closure strip to fit between the leveling feet. The closure strips should not contact the threaded portion of the leveling feet. If the strip is cut too long, a rat tailed file or rasp can be use to cut a semicircle in the ends.

Punch End Caps

Punch End Caps


Set Overload Limits

 ******** NO! DO NOT DO THIS! ***********
Setting the overload limit. NOTE THE LOAD CELL IS INSTALLED UPSIDE DOWN! WRONG! THE ARROW SHOULD POINT AWAY FROM THE FOOT.
NOTE: This load cell is installed upside down! The green arrow on the end of the load cell should point in the direction force will cause the load cell to flex.

Mechanical overlimit protection is not essential, but is a good idea. Overloading load cells beyond their capacity may damage them. They are typically rated at 120% to 150% overload capacity. See the Safe Overload rating on the CZL602X Spec Sheet. Dropping a full super on top of the hive or forcing a frame into a super is usually not a problem, the wood will absorb most of the shock.

If the scale is dropped onto a cement floor and hits on one corner or if not properly packed for shipping the load cells may be damaged.

Mechanical overlimit protection consists of some method of limiting the travel (bending) when an overload is applied.

  1. Insert a feeler gauge between the load cell and the top of the mounting rail.
  2. Adjust the leveling foot until it contacts the feeler gauge.
  3. Tighten the lock nut so the leveling foot cannot move.


If the gap is set too narrow, the scale will not correctly record increases in weight.

The size of the gap can be measured by attaching a dial gauge to the scale and loading it to capacity.

For the CZL602X load cells, the proper gap appears to be about .002 inches.

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